Dampak Penyelenggaraan Sea Games terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi di Negara-Negara Tuan Rumah
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54082/jupin.1747Kata Kunci:
Asean, Data Panel, Ekspor, Investasi, Tenaga Kerja, Sea GamesAbstrak
Pertumbuhan ekonomi negara-negara ASEAN sering dikaitkan dengan faktor makroekonomi, namun kontribusi event olahraga seperti SEA Games masih jarang diteliti secara empiris. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh penyelenggaraan SEA Games terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi negara tuan rumah ASEAN periode 2000–2022. Metode regresi data panel dengan pendekatan Generalized Least Square (GLS) digunakan karena mampu mengatasi potensi heteroskedastisitas dan sesuai dengan hasil uji Chow dan Hausman yang menunjukkan model fixed effect sebagai spesifikasi terbaik. Variabel independen mencakup ekspor, investasi, tenaga kerja, dan dummy SEA Games, sedangkan GDP digunakan sebagai proksi pertumbuhan ekonomi. Hasil estimasi menunjukkan bahwa ekspor (koefisien 0,150; p<0,01), investasi (0,162; p<0,01), tenaga kerja (1,049; p<0,01), dan dummy SEA Games (0,035; p<0,01) berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa pertumbuhan ekonomi di ASEAN terutama ditopang oleh faktor fundamental makroekonomi, sementara dampak SEA Games cenderung kecil namun signifikan, serta lebih terasa di negara berkembang. Penelitian ini berkontribusi dalam literatur ekonomi olahraga dengan memberikan bukti empiris berbasis data panel di kawasan ASEAN, serta memberikan implikasi kebijakan bahwa penyelenggaraan SEA Games perlu diintegrasikan dengan strategi pembangunan jangka panjang agar manfaat ekonominya berkelanjutan.
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