Analisis Korelasi Kunjungan Neonatal, Inisisasi Menyusu Dini, dan Akses Fasilitas Kesehatan terhadap Cakupan ASI Eksklusif di 38 Provinsi Indonesia Tahun 2024
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54082/jupin.2022Kata Kunci:
ASI Eksklusif, Akses Kesehatan, Inisiasi Menyusu Dini, Korelasi Pearson, Kunjungan NeonatalAbstrak
Cakupan pemberian ASI eksklusif di Indonesia masih belum mencapai target nasional dan bervariasi antar provinsi. Beberapa faktor terkait kesehatan dasar esensial bagi bayi baru lahir disajikan dalam Profil Kesehatan Indonesia Tahun 2024 namun belum dianalisis keterkaitannya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan faktor kunjungan neonatal, Inisiasi Menyusu Dini (IMD) dan akses fasilitas kesehatan terhadap cakupan ASI eksklusif di 38 Provinsi Indonesia Tahun 2024. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain studi korelasional. Penelitian menggunakan data sekunder 38 provinsi yang bersumber dari Profil Kesehatan Indonesia Tahun 2024. Analisis data menggunakan uji univariat dan bivariat dengan uji korelasi Pearson untuk mengukur kekuatan dan arah hubungan linear antara variabel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan signifikan yang kuat dan berpola positif antara kunjungan neonatal (p value=0,0001, r=0,676) dan akses fasilitas kesehatan (p value=0,0001, r=0,541) dengan cakupan ASI eksklusif di 38 Provinsi Indonesia. Terdapat hubungan signifikan yang kuat dan berpola negatif antara inisisasi menyusu dini (p value=0,0001, r= - 0,653) dengan cakupan ASI eksklusif di 38 Provinsi Indonesia. Maka semakin tinggi jumlah kunjungan neonatal dan semakin mudah akses terhadap fasilitas kesehatan akan menambah jumlah cakupan ASI eksklusif di 38 Provinsi Indonesia. Semakin tinggi pelaksanaan IMD semakin rendah cakupan ASI Eskklusif. Temuan arah negatif ini dapat disebabkan oleh bias pencatatan, perbedaan sumber data, kualitas pelaksanaan IMD serta dukungan pemberian ASI paska IMD. Oleh karenanya penting untuk memperhatikan indikator kesehatan seperti cakupan pemberian ASI eksklusif sebagai gambaran objektif masalah kesehatan terkini dan menjadi dasar dalam mengambil keputusan strategis guna meningkatkan pelayanan kesehatan dasar esensial bayi baru lahir.
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