Manajemen Rehabilitasi Fisioterapi Multimodal pada Ruptur Parsial Tendon Achilles: Evaluasi Klinis dan Fungsional
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54082/jupin.2059Kata Kunci:
Fisioterapi Rehabilitatif, Intervensi Multimodal, Ruptur Parsial, Tendon AchillesAbstrak
Ruptur parsial tendon Achilles merupakan cedera muskuloskeletal yang dapat menimbulkan nyeri persisten, gangguan fungsi, dan keterbatasan aktivitas bila tidak ditangani dengan rehabilitasi yang tepat. Tantangan klinis utama pada kondisi ini adalah menentukan pendekatan fisioterapi yang efektif untuk mengendalikan nyeri dan memulihkan fungsi tanpa memperberat cedera tendon. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi efektivitas manajemen fisioterapi multimodal pada kasus ruptur parsial tendon Achilles berdasarkan perubahan parameter klinis dan fungsional. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi kasus klinis pada satu pasien perempuan berusia 42 tahun dengan diagnosis ruptur parsial tendon Achilles dekstra. Evaluasi dilakukan sebelum dan setelah intervensi menggunakan visual analogue scale (VAS), manual muscle testing (MMT), range of motion (ROM), circumferentia otot gastrocnemius, Thompson dan Matles test, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), achilles tendon rupture score (ATRS), serta hamilton rating scale for anxiety (HRS-A). Intervensi diberikan selama empat sesi dan meliputi elektroterapi, terapi manual, latihan isometrik dan resistensi, latihan fungsional, serta edukasi. Hasil menunjukkan penurunan nyeri tekan (VAS 5 menjadi 3) dan nyeri gerak (VAS 4 menjadi 2), peningkatan circumferentia otot gastrocnemius (36,7 cm menjadi 37,0 cm), peningkatan skor ATRS dari 55 menjadi 76 yang mengindikasikan perbaikan fungsi, serta penurunan tingkat kecemasan (HRS-A 16 menjadi 10). Namun, kekuatan otot plantar fleksi tetap pada nilai MMT 4. Kesimpulannya, fisioterapi multimodal yang terstruktur memberikan perbaikan bermakna pada nyeri, kecemasan, dan fungsi, meskipun peningkatan kekuatan otot memerlukan durasi intervensi yang lebih panjang. Studi kasus ini memberikan bukti klinis awal mengenai efektivitas rehabilitasi multimodal pada ruptur parsial tendon Achilles dalam praktik fisioterapi klinik di Indonesia.
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