Integrasi Evaluasi Ergonomi dan Perancangan Teknik dalam Pengendalian Risiko Manual Material Handling: Studi Kasus pada Industri Manufaktur
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54082/jupin.2269Kata Kunci:
alat bantu kerja, ergonomi, keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja, manual material handlingAbstrak
Manual material handling (MMH) merupakan salah satu sumber utama risiko ergonomi dan gangguan muskuloskeletal pada industri manufaktur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas pengendalian teknik berupa alat bantu kerja ergonomis dalam menurunkan risiko MMH. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan terapan dengan desain pre–post intervention melalui integrasi metode Nordic Body Map (NBM), Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA), Revised NIOSH Lifting Equation (RNLE), dan Snook Tables. Hasil evaluasi kondisi awal menunjukkan dominasi keluhan pada punggung bawah (77%), skor REBA sebesar 12 (risiko tinggi), lifting index di atas 5, serta rasio beban terhadap maximum acceptable weight (MAW) melebihi 1. Berdasarkan diagnosis tersebut, dirancang alat bantu berbasis pengendalian teknik untuk mengurangi fleksi batang tubuh dan mengeliminasi aktivitas angkat manual selama transportasi. Evaluasi pascaimplementasi menunjukkan penurunan signifikan risiko ergonomi, ditandai dengan skor REBA sebesar 1, nilai lifting index di bawah satu, dan rasio beban terhadap MAW mendekati nol. Temuan ini mengonfirmasi bahwa pengendalian teknik yang dirancang secara ergonomis efektif meningkatkan keselamatan kerja dan dapat menjadi solusi praktis bagi industri manufaktur skala menengah.
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