Evaluasi Morfologi Spermatozoa pada Pria Obesitas Etnis Papua di Distrik Heram, Kota Jayapura Berdasarkan Kriteria WHO 2010: Studi Deskriptif Potong Lintang
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54082/jupin.2337Kata Kunci:
Infertilitas, kesuburan pria, Morfologi spermatozoa, Obesitas, reproduksiAbstrak
Obesitas merupakan faktor resiko yang memiliki potensi mempengaruhi kualitas spermatozoa dengan mekanisme hortmonal dan stres oksidatif, namun data morfologi spermatozoa pada pria obesitas etnis Papua di wilayah timur Indonesia belum tersedia secara spesifik. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi morfologi spermatozoa pada pria obesitas etnis Papua berdasarkan kriteria ketat WHO 2010 dengan desain deskriptif potong lintang menggunakan teknik consecutive sampling. Sebanyak 39 sampel semen dianalisis setelah masa abstinensi 2–7 hari, dengan evaluasi minimal 200 spermatozoa per preparat. Hasil menunjukkan 35,2% spermatozoa memiliki morfologi normal, sedangkan sisanya menunjukkan abnormalitas pada kepala, leher, dan ekor. Kelainan kepala merupakan yang paling dominan, diikuti abnormalitas pada bagian leher dan ekor. Proporsi morfologi normal tersebut berada pada batas referensi minimal WHO, mengindikasikan potensi risiko gangguan fertilitas pada populasi obesitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sperma normal mencapai 35,2%, sedangkan sisanya menunjukkan berbagai kelainan pada bagian kepala, leher, dan ekor. Kelainan kepala merupakan yang paling dominan dengan variasi bentuk makro (5,7%), dobel (4,7%), mikro (4,1%), dan taper (3,8%), sedangkan bentuk piri, amorf, dan round head masing-masing di bawah 1,1%. Pada bagian leher, bent neck ditemukan paling tinggi (12,5%), diikuti thick middle piece (4,7%) dan short neck (3,5%). Sementara itu, kelainan ekor didominasi coiled tail (4,6%), double tail (2,2%), serta bentuk short tail (1,0%) dan absent tail (0,9%). Temuan ini memberikan data dasar epidemiologis pertama mengenai morfologi spermatozoa pria obesitas di Papua serta memperkaya literatur kesehatan reproduksi pria di kawasan timur Indonesia sebagai dasar penelitian lanjutan dan intervensi preventif.
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