Deteksi Dini Faktor Risiko Penyakit Tidak Menular pada Pekerja Tambang Berdasarkan Pemeriksaan Kesehatan Berkala
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54082/jupin.2728Kata Kunci:
kesehatan kerja, medical check-up, penyakit tidak menular, pertambangan, surveilans kesehatanAbstrak
Latar Belakang: Penyakit tidak menular (PTM) menjadi beban kesehatan kerja yang terus meningkat, terutama pada sektor pertambangan yang memiliki pajanan multi-hazard (fisika, kimia, biologi, ergonomi, dan psikososial) serta pola kerja shift dan isolasi lokasi kerja. Pemeriksaan kesehatan berkala (medical check-up/MCU) merupakan instrumen surveilans kesehatan kerja untuk deteksi dini PTM pada populasi pekerja. Tujuan: Mengidentifikasi faktor risiko PTM pada pekerja PT.X berdasarkan hasil MCU berkala sebagai dasar penyusunan rekomendasi program kesehatan kerja. Metode: Penelitian deskriptif dengan desain potong lintang (cross-sectional) menggunakan data sekunder hasil MCU berkala periode Februari 2026 terhadap 263 pekerja, meliputi pemeriksaan fisik, laboratorium, kuesioner kesehatan mental (DASS-21, SRQ-20), skor risiko kardiovaskular dan diabetes (Framingham, AUSDRISK), serta kategori kelaikan kerja. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif dalam bentuk frekuensi dan persentase. Hasil: Mayoritas peserta laki-laki (94,68%) berusia produktif di bawah 35 tahun (74,52%), dengan kebiasaan merokok pada 62,74% peserta. Berdasarkan status gizi, 46,77% peserta mengalami kelebihan berat badan atau obesitas. Dislipidemia ditemukan pada 39,54% peserta. Penilaian risiko kardiovaskular 10 tahun (Framingham Score) menunjukkan 44,10% peserta berisiko sedang-tinggi, sejalan dengan 79,47% peserta yang memiliki usia jantung lebih tua dari usia kronologis. Risiko diabetes 5 tahun (AUSDRISK) menunjukkan 99,24% peserta berada pada kategori risiko menengah-tinggi. Skrining kesehatan mental menemukan gejala kecemasan pada 19,77% dan hasil SRQ-20 positif pada 6,84% peserta. Secara keseluruhan, 80,61% peserta dinyatakan Fit With Medical Notes, 12,93% Fit To Work, dan 6,46% Temporary Unfit. Kesimpulan: MCU berkala mengungkap beban PTM yang bermakna terkait gaya hidup, status gizi, profil lipid, serta risiko kardiovaskular dan diabetes jangka panjang pada populasi pekerja tambang. Diperlukan program pengendalian PTM terintegrasi berbasis perilaku CERDIK, pemantauan kardiovaskular dan metabolik berkelanjutan, serta dukungan kesehatan mental di tempat kerja.
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